Stack Visualizer
What is Stack Push & Pop?
Push and Pop are the two fundamental operations in stack data structure. Stack follows LIFO (Last In First Out) principle - the last element added is the first one to be removed.
Push Operation
Adds an element to the top of the stack.
Example: Pushing elements onto a stack
Example: Pushing elements onto a stack
- Start with empty stack: [ ]
- Push 5: [5]
- Push 3: [3, 5]
- Push 7: [7, 3, 5]
- Time Complexity: O(1)
- Space Complexity: O(1)
Pop Operation
Removes and returns the topmost element from the stack.
Example: Popping elements from a stack
Example: Popping elements from a stack
- Current stack: [7, 3, 5]
- Pop → returns 7: [3, 5]
- Pop → returns 3: [5]
- Pop → returns 5: [ ]
- Time Complexity: O(1)
- Space Complexity: O(1)
Stack Underflow & Overflow
- Stack Underflow:Trying to pop from an empty stack
- Stack Overflow:Trying to push to a full stack (in fixed-size implementations)
Real-world Applications
- Function call management in programming languages (call stack)
- Undo/Redo operations in text editors
- Back/Forward navigation in web browsers
- Expression evaluation and syntax parsing
- Memory management
Push and Pop operations are fundamental to stack functionality. While simple to implement, stacks are powerful data structures used in many algorithms and system designs.
Visualize the LIFO (Last In, First Out) principle
Stack Visualization
Stack is empty
Stack is empty